(cont.) Anderson is no stranger to female-led narratives. On British television she has delivered commanding performances in roles such as Lady Dedlock in Bleak House, Stella Gibson in The Fall and Miss Havisham in Great Expectations. And on the stage she dazzled as Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire and Margo Channing in All About Eve.
But perhaps her most enduring, and impactful, performance was as FBI special agent Dana Scully in the American television series The X-Files. "Scully wasn't the lead in any sense, it was a co-lead relationship [with actor David Duchovny's character, Fox Mulder] but Chris Carter created one of the most iconic feminist characters that's ever been on television," Anderson says of the role.
"Even though I was always incredibly grateful for the role, for the opportunity … I think it took hindsight to fully appreciate, not just the gift that she was, but the full impact that she has had."
More specifically, that is, the so-called "Scully effect". In a 2017 survey of women working in the fields of science, technology, engineering and maths, nearly two thirds who identified the character said Scully had directly had an impact on their career choice. Anderson with co-star David Duchovny in The X-Files.
"I could hear that back then, but I'm not sure that I fully understood what it meant and how big the impact was on so many different ages of women," Anderson says. "And I still run into people, I mean, before lockdown… I was going through an airport and a woman at the border stopped me and said, 'I only have my job because of you'."
At the giddy height of the popularity of The X-Files and its two spin-off movies, it would have seemed improbable to imagine the Chicago-born, London-raised actress would reinvent herself as a leading woman on British television and on the stage.
The transformational moment was when she was asked to play Lady Dedlock in Bleak House, a BBC drama serial based on the Charles Dickens novel of the same name. At the time it seemed an improbable piece of casting given the perception that Anderson was an "American" actress.
"Having grown up in the UK, having seen actresses jump between television, film and theatre, that's what I wanted my life to be," Anderson says. "And the fact that it was so rare in the States and women who did television were looked down upon, and not on the same level as film actors or even doing theatre, bothered me.
"But then, even when I was approached to do Bleak House, I couldn't believe that they were coming to me because it was everything that I've always wanted to do," she says. "So when they asked me, I remember thinking, what makes you think I can do this? Because I think I can do it. I was so grateful and confounded."
The significant roles that followed included Anna Pavlovna in War & Peace and Jean Milburn in Netflix's critically acclaimed Sex Education. On the stage, turns as the sultry, tortured Blanche DuBois and embittered Margo Channing won applause from critics.
In a sense, I suggest to Anderson, these women share something with Thatcher. All found themselves in positions of immense power but ultimately had to contend with losing it. For DuBois, the fading of her looks; for Channing, the emergence of the younger Eve; and for Thatcher, the humiliating defeat – and, she felt, betrayal – of an internal party coup. (cont.)