OP, I was in Madrid this past summer, well.. last year anyway. I loved it! I didn't know what to expect, but I was pleasantly surprised. Gorgeous architecture! It was easy too get around too, very good metro that even goes out to the suburbs, and it's cheap too. The food was fine, if you're into food, you should probably go to Italy or France instead. The food wasn't bad per se, but nothing great either. The men were gorgeous! And I just love the Castillan Spanish, it's much more charming than South American Spanish. I think Spanish in Spain sounds more sophisticated in a way than Spanish from Latin America. But enough about that, moving on..
Madrid has some of the best museums in the world! I went to the three most popular museums, the Prada, Thyssen-Bornemisza and Reina Sofia. You have to check these out if you're interested in art. The art was really incredible.
I also liked the park called Parque del Retiro, literally a "park for retired people". It was charming. It wasn't exactly Central Park important, but it's worth a visit imo. It was quaint, and had some nice attractions. The park is in walking distance of the Prado museum too.
The Royal Castle is something you can't miss. You're not allowed to take pictures inside, but wow, what an impressive building! HUGE and gold everywhere!
Also for the gay tourists - Chueca is the gayborhood of Madrid. It's easy access by the metro, you take the metro to Chueca, and viola.. you're in the middle of the gayborhood. Rainbow flags everywhere, saunas, gay bars, gay friendly restaurants etc.. everything you would want. The gayborhood is not big, it's small and charming, but it does have some amazing gay bars. To be honest, Madrid doesn't really need a segregated neighborhood for gays and lesbians, because we are accepted. Spain truly accepts EVERYONE for who they are. I saw many gay couples in Madrid, nobody looked weirdly at them, nobody even looked their way, because it was so common, guys holding hands and kissing was normal, in all parts of the city, not just in Chueca, and I agree with OP, Sol is pretty gay.
Also.. the people were not cold or racist at all.. WTF?!?! They were really nice to us. When we were lost they just came up to us and asked where we were going, and they explained the way. Every Madrileno I met was really nice and friendly. But they do speak VERY little English there, even at the airport in the cafeteria etc.. it's best to bring with you a Spanish dictionary.
Needless to say.. Madrid is in the middle of the country, so don't go there if you want a beach vacation. Still, Madrid is really nice in summer, sunny every day with very little rain. It was 88 degrees on our coldest day and 93 degrees on our warmest day, this was in July, but bring a coat, because it can get chilly in the evening. Madrid may not be at the Mediterranean, but it still has gorgeous surroundings with the mountains that you can see in the distance. You have a wonderful view of the city from the Royal Castle.
Otherwise.. not much else to say other than it was a fairly clean city. Some neighborhoods were dirtier than others, but that's to be expected in such a big city. It was generally clean, at least it was everywhere we went. Madrid has pocket thieves just like Barcelona, but I never felt threatened or anything like that. Madrid is a safe city with a low crime rate. I can imagine Barcelona is worse in that aspect, when it comes to stealing, since it's more touristy. What I actually liked about Madrid was that it was kinda like a hidden gem, not too touristy, but still so much to do and see! I think Madrid is highly underrated, it's a very beautiful city. I was very impressed with the city and I miss it terribly. That's how positively surprised I was by it. I even enjoyed just walking down Gran Via, just to look at the buildings, interact with the people, and do some shopping. Gran Via was a lot of fun, I added a video of it.
I don't think you'll be disappointed with Madrid, there's much to do and see, the people are nice and it's just overall an amazing city!